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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Periodic thermodynamics of the parametrically driven harmonic oscillator.

Onno R Diermann¹, Helge Frerichs¹, Martin Holthaus¹

¹Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.

Physical Review. E

|September 11, 2019

Summary

We studied a driven harmonic oscillator in a thermal bath. Its temperature can be engineered to be colder than the bath, revealing potential instability.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Thermodynamics
Statistical Mechanics
Driven Quantum Systems

Background:

Understanding the behavior of quantum systems coupled to thermal environments is crucial.
Parametrically driven harmonic oscillators are fundamental models in quantum physics.
Floquet theory describes systems subjected to periodic driving.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the quasistationary distribution of Floquet-state occupation probabilities.
To investigate the influence of a thermal bath's spectral density on system temperature.
To explore methods for engineering the system's effective temperature and stability.

Main Methods:

Analysis of a parametrically driven harmonic oscillator coupled to a thermal bath.
Application of Floquet theory to determine quasienergy states.
Calculation of quasistationary distribution using detailed balance and Boltzmann statistics.

Main Results:

The occupation probabilities follow a geometric Boltzmann distribution.
The system's effective 'quasitemperature' deviates from the bath temperature due to spectral density.
Demonstrated 'quasithermal engineering' to achieve effective cooling below bath temperature.
Observed quasithermal instability in a mechanically stable driven system.

Conclusions:

The spectral density of a thermal bath significantly impacts the effective temperature of driven quantum systems.
Engineered thermal baths offer pathways to control quantum system properties, including effective temperature.
Driven systems can exhibit unexpected instabilities, even when classically stable.