Doxorubicin - chitosan - hydroxyapatite composite coatings on titanium alloy for localized cancer therapy

The doxorubicin-chitosan composite is deposited electrochemically on the Ti alloy post hydroxyapatite coated for reducing the side effects by sustaining release of drugs localized near the tumor to achieve the inhibition or apoptosis of cancer. The possibility of danger in case of exfoliation of medicine composite and HA agglomerates from the alloy surface due to the dynamic erosion of blood flow could be overcome with the additional surface modification by the electrochemical deposition way. The cathodic polarization tests coupled with electrochemical reactions were analyzed to speculate the deposition mechanism of doxorubicin, spectrophotometer (UV visible spectrometer) to measure doxorubicin loading and release, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) to observe surface morphology, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for chemical bonding of composites, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) for crystal structure. The cell culture was carried out to analyze the drug efficacy on cell viability. It is concluded that doxorubicin-chitosan composites can be successfully deposited on the uncoated and hydroxyapatite-coated titanium specimen alloy by electrochemical methods. Both have revealed the sustaining drug release for a month and the latter with high porosity can enhance the drug loading to 37.46 μg/cm², revealing this electrochemical method is a practical way to load doxorubicin cancer drug releasing locally to significantly reduce the amount of medication needed for future clinical applications.