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Update on MR Imaging of cystic retroperitoneal masses

Kathleen Nguyen1, Evan S Siegelman2, Wendy Tu1

  • 1Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.

Abdominal Radiology (New York)
|September 11, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This review covers magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for cystic retroperitoneal (RP) masses. Lymphangiomas are common, but other diagnoses, including neoplasms, must be considered based on imaging characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cystic masses in the retroperitoneum (RP) can present diagnostic challenges.
  • Differentiating between various types of cystic RP masses is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of cystic retroperitoneal masses.
  • To provide an approach for the MR imaging interpretation of these lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature and imaging findings of cystic retroperitoneal masses.
  • Analysis of imaging characteristics including location, internal complexity, and enhancement patterns.

Main Results:

  • Lymphangiomas are the most frequent cystic RP masses, often appearing simple on MRI.
  • Microscopic fat is a specific but insensitive indicator for lymphangiomas.
  • Location, internal features, and enhancement patterns are key to suggesting differential diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to MR imaging is essential for evaluating cystic retroperitoneal masses.
  • Differential diagnoses include normal variants, congenital abnormalities, and neoplasms (benign, neurogenic, malignant).
Keywords:
CystLymphangiomaMagnetic Resonance Imaging MRINeurogenicRetroperitoneal

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