Research on the Preparation of Graphdiyne and Its Derivatives

As a new 2D carbon material allotrope composed of sp and sp² carbon atoms, graphdiyne (GDY) possesses a highly conjugated porous structure, easily tunable intrinsic bandgap, and various excellent properties. Such properties allowed researchers to develop methods to prepare GDY, so that it can be applied for energy storage and conversion, environmental protection, various electronic devices and so on. In this review, the authors systematically discuss the methods and strategies developed for preparing GDY and its derivatives, including the synthesis of GDY by using liquid-, solid-, and gas-phase methods, the synthesis of heteroatom-doped GDY, the preparation of GDY-based composites, and the synthesis of GDY analogues. All these preparation methods can provide the way to obtain GDY for specific studies and applications.