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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions
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Dynamically controllable graphene terahertz splitters with nonreciprocal properties.

Victor Dmitriev, Wagner Castro

    Applied Optics
    |September 11, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Two novel graphene-based nonreciprocal four-port splitters were developed for terahertz applications. These devices offer efficient power division and isolation, with tunable operating frequencies via electrostatic gating.

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    Area of Science:

    • Applied Physics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Electromagnetics

    Background:

    • Terahertz (THz) technology requires efficient components for signal manipulation.
    • Graphene's unique electromagnetic properties offer potential for novel device designs.
    • Nonreciprocal devices are crucial for advanced optical and electronic systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and theoretically investigate two novel graphene-based nonreciprocal four-port splitters.
    • To demonstrate the capability of these splitters for power division and port isolation in the THz region.
    • To explore the dynamic tunability of the splitter's central frequency.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of splitters using a circular graphene resonator coupled with four graphene waveguides.
    • Utilizing a two-layer dielectric substrate and a biasing DC magnetic field.
    • Analysis based on surface plasmon-polariton wave excitation and dipole resonance.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved near-equal power division (-4.4 dB) between two output ports.
    • Demonstrated significant input-to-output port isolation (-15 dB).
    • Obtained a 4.0% bandwidth centered at 7.4 THz with a 0.8 T magnetic field and 0.15 eV Fermi energy.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed graphene splitters function effectively as nonreciprocal four-port devices in the THz range.
    • Dynamic control over the central frequency is achievable by adjusting graphene's Fermi energy through electrostatic gating.
    • These devices hold promise for future THz integrated circuits and systems.