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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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NOAA-20 VIIRS polarization effect and its correction.

Junqiang Sun, Menghua Wang, Lide Jiang

    Applied Optics
    |September 11, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Polarization sensitivity in NOAA-20 VIIRS reflective solar bands (RSBs) causes significant errors in environmental data records (EDRs). A new correction algorithm successfully removed these polarization-induced artifacts, improving data accuracy for ocean color applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Earth Observation
    • Satellite Remote Sensing
    • Radiometric Calibration

    Background:

    • The NOAA-20 satellite carries the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) with 14 reflective solar bands (RSBs).
    • Prelaunch tests revealed significantly higher polarization sensitivity in NOAA-20 VIIRS RSBs compared to its predecessor.
    • This polarization sensitivity, particularly in shorter wavelength bands (M1-M4), exceeds specifications and impacts data quality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe and apply polarization effect correction algorithms to NOAA-20 VIIRS RSBs.
    • To quantify the impact of polarization on sensor data records (SDRs) and ocean color environmental data records (EDRs).
    • To demonstrate the effectiveness of the polarization correction in removing artifacts and reducing radiometric bias.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and application of polarization effect correction algorithms.
    • Analysis of top-of-atmosphere radiance for ocean scenes, separating water-leaving radiance from atmospheric scattering.
    • Quantification of polarization-induced errors in SDRs and ocean normalized water-leaving radiances.

    Main Results:

    • Polarization effects caused up to ~1% error in SDRs for bands M1 and M2.
    • Ocean normalized water-leaving radiances showed errors of ~13% (M1, 411 nm) and ~10% (M2, 445 nm).
    • Significant striping artifacts were observed in both SDRs and normalized water-leaving radiances due to polarization.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed polarization correction algorithms effectively mitigate radiometric bias and striping artifacts in NOAA-20 VIIRS data.
    • Corrected data significantly reduces uncertainties in environmental data records, particularly for ocean color applications.
    • The study highlights the importance of polarization correction for accurate satellite-derived environmental data.