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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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Waveguide-integrated graphene spatial mode filters for on-chip mode-division multiplexing.

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    Summary

    Graphene spatial mode filters improve on-chip mode-division multiplexing (MDM) by reducing crosstalk. These filters enhance signal quality for optical interconnects, enabling higher communication bandwidth.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science for Communications

    Background:

    • Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is crucial for scaling optical communication bandwidth.
    • Multimode waveguide devices in MDM face signal degradation due to inter-modal crosstalk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and demonstrate waveguide-integrated graphene spatial mode filters for on-chip MDM.
    • To mitigate crosstalk and improve signal integrity in MDM systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of TE1-mode-pass and TE2-mode-pass filters using distinct waveguide architectures.
    • Integration of graphene into waveguide structures for mode filtering.
    • Experimental characterization of modal extinction ratios (ER).

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a maximum TE1-to-TE0 modal extinction ratio (ER) of 9.19 dB for TE1-mode-pass filters.
    • Obtained a maximum TE2-to-TE1 modal ER of 5.37 dB and TE2-to-TE0 modal ER of 6.44 dB for TE2-mode-pass filters.
    • Demonstrated filter performance in 200-μm-long waveguides.

    Conclusions:

    • Waveguide-integrated graphene spatial mode filters effectively suppress crosstalk in MDM.
    • The developed filters can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio for on-chip optical interconnects.
    • This work advances the practical implementation of high-bandwidth MDM.