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    This study compares millimeter wave imaging array configurations for automotive radar. Hybrid localized MIMO-SISO offers an affordable, high-resolution imaging alternative to traditional SISO systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electrical Engineering
    • Electromagnetics
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Millimeter wave imaging systems are crucial for applications like security, industrial inspection, and automotive radar.
    • High-resolution imaging necessitates numerous emitters and receivers, leading to significant cost and size constraints.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the performance of different antenna array configurations for millimeter wave imaging applications.
    • To optimize hardware implementation for high-resolution imaging by reducing the number of emitter and receiver elements.
    • To evaluate cost-effective alternatives for advanced imaging systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of mono-static single-input-single-output (SISO), full multi-input-multiple-output (Full-MIMO), and hybrid localized MIMO-SISO (Local-MIMO) architectures.
    • Analysis of computationally reconstructed image quality and point spread function for each architecture.
    • Measurement validation using a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system with an automotive radar sensor.

    Main Results:

    • The study quantitatively compares image quality and system complexity across SISO, Full-MIMO, and Local-MIMO configurations.
    • Local-MIMO architectures demonstrate potential for high-resolution imaging with reduced hardware complexity.
    • Measurement results validate simulation findings, confirming the physics of the automotive radar sensor.

    Conclusions:

    • Hybrid localized MIMO-SISO architectures present a viable and affordable alternative to high-cost SISO systems for millimeter wave imaging.
    • Optimized array configurations can balance imaging performance with system engineering complexity and cost.
    • The findings support the development of more economical and efficient millimeter wave imaging solutions for various applications.