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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition11:48

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Alternative splicing regulation has been shown to contribute to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an essential cellular program in various physiological and pathological processes. Here we describe a method utilizing an inducible EMT model for the detection of alternative splicing during...
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Various antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) have been shown to induce exon inclusion (splice modulation) and rescue SMN expression for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Here, we describe a protocol for AON lipotransfection to induce exon inclusion in the SMN2 gene and the evaluation methods to determine the efficacy in SMA patient...
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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Alternative RNA Splicing: Regulated Splicing of Exons and Introns
02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing: Regulated Splicing of Exons and Introns

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mTOR-regulated U2af1 tandem exon splicing specifies transcriptome features for translational control.

Jae-Woong Chang1, Hsin-Sung Yeh1, Meeyeon Park1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Nucleic Acids Research
|September 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Two U2 auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) isoforms, U2AF1a and U2AF1b, have distinct roles in gene regulation. U2AF1a promotes translation via 5'-untranslated region splicing, controlled by mTOR.

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Last Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Alternative RNA Splicing: Regulated Splicing of Exons and Introns
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • RNA Processing

Background:

  • U2 auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) is crucial for 3'-splice site selection in pre-mRNA processing.
  • U2AF1 produces two isoforms, U2AF1a and U2AF1b, via alternative exon usage, but their functional distinctions remain unclear due to high homology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the functional differences between U2AF1a and U2AF1b isoforms.
  • To investigate the regulatory mechanisms controlling U2AF1 isoform expression and their impact on the transcriptome.

Main Methods:

  • Integrative approaches including genome editing, customized transcriptome profiling, and crosslinking-mediated interactome analyses.
  • Mechanistic dissection of mutually exclusive alternative splicing events.

Main Results:

  • U2AF1 isoform expression is regulated by mTOR.
  • U2AF1 isoforms display distinct splice site preferences and protein interactomes.
  • Differential nucleotide sequence preferences and stoichiometry of U2AF1 isoforms dictate 3'-splice site selection.
  • U2AF1a-driven transcriptomes exhibit 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) alternative splicing events that enhance translation.

Conclusions:

  • U2AF1a and U2AF1b isoforms play distinct roles in transcriptome regulation.
  • U2AF1a-mediated 5'-UTR alternative splicing represents a novel mechanism for mTOR-regulated translational control.