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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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Psychiatry in India.

Vikram Patel1, Shekhar Saxena2

  • 1Senior Lecturer, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the Sangath Society, Goa, India.

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|September 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

India exhibits vast regional disparities, particularly in infant mortality rates, with significant variations across its states and union territories. Averages mask these crucial differences, highlighting the need for localized data in human development analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Socioeconomic Development
  • Demographics

Background:

  • India, a low-income nation, presents substantial internal diversity across its 35 states and union territories.
  • Significant variations exist in key human development indicators, such as infant mortality rates (IMR).
  • Averages for India obscure the wide range of conditions experienced in different regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant regional disparities within India.
  • To emphasize the limitations of using aggregated data for human development in India.
  • To underscore the unrepresentativeness of national averages due to internal diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of infant mortality rate (IMR) data across Indian states.
  • Comparison of IMR between states like Kerala and Uttar Pradesh.
  • Qualitative discussion on the impact of diversity on development metrics.

Main Results:

  • Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) shows a fivefold difference between states.
  • Kerala reports a low IMR of 16.3, while Uttar Pradesh reports a high IMR of 86.7.
  • This variation is indicative of broader disparities in human development across India.

Conclusions:

  • National summary figures for human development in India are often unrepresentative.
  • The heterogeneity of India necessitates localized data analysis.
  • Acknowledging the limitations of averages is crucial for accurate understanding of development.