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Traditional healers.

David Skuse1

  • 1Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, London WC1 1EH, UK, email d.skuse@ich.ucl.ac.uk.

International Psychiatry : Bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists
|September 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Traditional healers provide crucial psychiatric support in Africa, offering a distinct belief system for mental health. Their holistic approach emphasizes community and spiritual harmony for healing.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Anthropology
  • Global Mental Health
  • African Traditional Medicine

Background:

  • Traditional healers are a significant source of psychiatric support in Africa, operating parallel to Western medicine.
  • Belief systems often attribute mental health issues to supernatural phenomena and disharmony within a hierarchy of vital powers.
  • Traditional healers are notably more numerous than Western-trained psychiatrists in many African regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and practices of traditional healers in three African regions.
  • To explore the conceptual frameworks underlying traditional healing for mental health problems.
  • To highlight the importance of traditional healers within the broader mental healthcare landscape in Africa.

Main Methods:

  • Thematic review of existing literature and reports on traditional healing practices.

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  • Analysis of cultural beliefs and spiritual hierarchies influencing perceptions of mental illness.
  • Case study focus on South Africa, comparing healer numbers to Western-trained medical doctors.

    • Main Results:

    • Traditional healers offer a holistic approach, integrating patient care within family and community contexts.
    • Disease causation is often linked to interactions between spiritual entities, ancestors, and the natural world.
    • Restoration of harmony through traditional interventions is believed to cure illness.

    Conclusions:

    • Traditional healing systems represent a vital, culturally-grounded approach to mental healthcare in Africa.
    • Understanding these systems is crucial for integrating traditional and Western medicine for comprehensive mental health support.
    • The prevalence and importance of traditional healers underscore their indispensable role in African psychiatric care.