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Virus Size Analysis by Gas-Phase Mobility Measurements: Resolution Limits.

J Fernández-García1, S Compton2, D Wick3

  • 1Yale University , Department of Mechanical Engineering , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|September 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Improved electrospraying (ES) coupled with differential mobility analysis (DMA) enhances viral particle size determination. Higher resolution DMAs are crucial for accurately measuring viral mobility, especially for larger particles.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Nanomechanics
  • Virology and Molecular Biology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrospraying (ES) followed by charge reduction and differential mobility analysis (DMA) is a flexible tool for analyzing small particles in solution, often referred to as GEMMA.
  • Previous viral studies using commercial GEMMA (TSI) have shown limited resolving power, potentially due to instrumental or sample preparation issues.
  • Understanding viral particle size and mobility is critical for diagnostics, drug delivery, and fundamental virology research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the resolution limits of GEMMA for viral particle size analysis.
  • To investigate the impact of improved charge reduction methods and higher-resolution DMAs on analytical performance.
  • To identify limitations in current instrumentation for accurate viral mobility measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrospraying for particle dissolution and charge reduction.
  • Employed differential mobility analyzers (DMAs) with enhanced resolving power.
  • Analyzed purified PP7 bacteriophage, murine parvovirus, norovirus, encephalomyelitis virus, and coliphage PR772 particles.

Main Results:

  • Achieved relatively narrow viral mobility peaks (fwhm <5%) for smaller viral particles using improved instrumentation.
  • Confirmed that the DMA is a critical limitation in achieving high resolution for viral analysis.
  • Observed broad peaks for larger viral particles (60 nm coliphage PR772), attributed to particle degradation and DMA resolution limits.

Conclusions:

  • Current GEMMA instrumentation, particularly the DMA, limits the resolution achievable for viral particle size analysis.
  • Significant improvements in DMA technology are needed for high-resolution analysis of viral particles larger than 30 nm.
  • Further development of DMAs will enable accurate determination of intrinsic viral particle mobility and size distributions.