High transmittance and deep RGB primary electrochromic color filter for high light out-coupling electro-optical...

We report a transmittance controllable electrochromic color filter (TCECF) by incorporating new electrochromic leuco dyes and their optimized composition. Each primary color red (R), green (G), and blue (B) electrochromic filter has an excellent transmittance of more than 84% at 650 nm, 540 nm, 450 nm, and the color coordinates are controllable from white (0.332, 0.347) to deep-red (0.621, 0.344), deep-green (0.327, 0.646), and deep-blue (0.179, 0.085), respectively. Also, each TCECF has good coloration efficiencies of 188.7 cm² C^-1 (R), 189.3 cm² C^-1 (G), and 147.8 cm² C^-1 (B) with high optical density change. A full color producible electrochromic color filter (ECF) is designed and fabricated by integrating primary RGB color filters with a refractive index matching adhesive layer. The fabricated three-stack full color producible ECF enables high transmittance of about 61% for clear white light extraction, and it can produce various colors including RGB. This TCECF technology will be very useful for high light out-coupling electro-optical applications, such as smart lighting, smart window, and display.