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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

Published on: May 5, 2022

External fixators: looking beyond the hardware maze.

Kimia Khalatbari Kani¹, Jack A Porrino², Felix S Chew³

¹Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. khalatbarik@live.com.

Skeletal Radiology

|September 14, 2019

Summary

External fixation devices, including hexapod frames, offer versatile orthopedic solutions. This review covers their components, types, distraction osteogenesis principles, and potential complications for effective patient care.

Keywords:

Bone lengthening Bone transport Distraction osteogenesis External fixator Hexapod frames Ilizarov frame Ring fixator Taylor spatial frame Unilateral frames

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Published on: October 9, 2014

A Reliable and Reproducible Critical-Sized Segmental Femoral Defect Model in Rats Stabilized with a Custom External Fixator

A Reliable and Reproducible Critical-Sized Segmental Femoral Defect Model in Rats Stabilized with a Custom External Fixator

Published on: March 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

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Published on: May 5, 2022

Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models

Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models

Published on: October 9, 2014

A Reliable and Reproducible Critical-Sized Segmental Femoral Defect Model in Rats Stabilized with a Custom External Fixator

A Reliable and Reproducible Critical-Sized Segmental Femoral Defect Model in Rats Stabilized with a Custom External Fixator

Published on: March 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomedical engineering

Background:

External fixation is a versatile orthopedic technique.
Frames are categorized into unilateral, circular, or hybrid designs.
Computer-aided hexapod frames simplify complex deformity correction.

Purpose of the Study:

Review external fixator components, types, and terminology.
Detail principles and techniques of distraction osteogenesis.
Discuss common complications associated with external fixation.

Main Methods:

Review of external fixation constructs, emphasizing the Taylor spatial frame.
Explanation of distraction osteogenesis principles and techniques.
Analysis of serial radiography in monitoring treatment and complications.

Main Results:

External fixator frames, though complex, utilize basic components.
Hexapod frames enhance treatment of multiaxial and rotational deformities.
Serial radiography is crucial for monitoring callus formation, distraction rates, and complications.

Conclusions:

Understanding external fixator types and components is essential.
Distraction osteogenesis offers a method for bone regeneration and lengthening.
Awareness of potential complications aids in timely management and frame removal.