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Implicit and explicit spatial-numerical representations diverge in number-form synesthetes.

Elizabeth Y Toomarian1, Radhika S Gosavi1, Edward M Hubbard1

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1025 W. Johnson St., Madison, WI, 53706, United States.

Consciousness and Cognition
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Number-form (NF) synesthesia links numbers and space. This study found that implicit spatial-numerical associations (SNARC effect) did not always align with synesthetes

Keywords:
Implicit processingNumber-form synesthesiaSNARCSequence-spaceSpatial-numerical associations

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Number-form (NF) synesthesia involves vivid, automatic mental layouts for numerical sequences, linking numbers and space.
  • These explicit associations resemble the implicit associations seen in the Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes (SNARC) effect.
  • NF synesthesia provides a unique model for studying spatial-numerical associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between implicit and explicit spatial-numerical representations in individuals with NF synesthesia.
  • To determine if the SNARC effect aligns with the reported number-form layouts.

Main Methods:

  • A multiple case-study design was employed.
  • Participants underwent semi-structured interviews about their number-form associations.
  • SNARC effect and number line estimation tasks were administered over two sessions.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to hypotheses, only one participant showed SNARC effects congruent with their explicit number-form.
  • Two participants exhibited SNARC effects that were incongruent, even opposite, to their reported number-forms.
  • Inconsistencies between implicit (SNARC) and explicit (NF) representations were observed.

Conclusions:

  • The observed inconsistency suggests potentially separate underlying cognitive mechanisms for implicit and explicit spatial-numerical associations.
  • Task-specific constraints and strategic variability may also contribute to the observed discrepancies.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between different representational systems in synesthesia.