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Factors that contribute to blood donation behavior among primary healthcare users: A structural approach

Miriane L Zucoloto1, Thelma T Gonçalez2, Philippe T Gilchrist3

  • 1Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.

Transfusion and Apheresis Science : Official Journal of the World Apheresis Association : Official Journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis
|September 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Fear and lack of knowledge significantly deter blood donation, particularly among women and lower socioeconomic groups in Brazil. Addressing these barriers is crucial for improving donor recruitment and retention.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Blood donor recruitment and retention present global challenges, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) facing stigma and low awareness.
  • Understanding psychosocial factors influencing donation behavior is critical for effective blood collection strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of psychosocial variables on blood donation behavior among primary healthcare users in Brazil.
  • To identify key barriers and facilitators influencing donation decisions within this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study utilizing randomized stratified sampling of 1055 primary healthcare users across 12 facilities.
  • Data collected via questionnaires assessing psychosocial factors, sociodemographics, and donation history.
  • Structural equation modeling used to analyze associations between variables and donation behavior.

Main Results:

  • Blood donation was more prevalent in males and individuals with higher socioeconomic and educational levels.
  • Fear of needles/fainting and lack of knowledge about the donation process were significant barriers.
  • Women, younger individuals, and those with lower socioeconomic and educational status were less likely to donate.

Conclusions:

  • Psychosocial factors, including fear and knowledge deficits, play a critical role in blood donation decisions.
  • Targeted interventions addressing these barriers are needed to increase donation rates, especially among underrepresented groups.
  • Future strategies should focus on improving public awareness and mitigating fears associated with blood donation.

Keywords:
Blood donationCommunity healthFearKnowledgePrimary healthcareReligiosity

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