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Updated: Jan 19, 2026
Dose-Response Relationship: Overview
Keratinocyte Carcinoma and Risk for Another Type of Cancer: Assessment of a Dose-response Relationship
Ashley Wilson1, James Small2, Catherine Flanagan1
1Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.
Background/Aim:
Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) is a marker of increased risk of other cancer types. To assess if this association exhibits a dose-response relationship, a case-control study was carried out.
Patients And Methods:
This was a clinic-based study of cases with KC plus another type of cancer matched by age, race (all Caucasian), sex and histologic type to controls with KC only (n=48 matched pairs).
Results:
Compared with the KC only group, those with KC plus another cancer had a mean number of lesions that were 43%, 35%, and 41% greater for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and total KC, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of developing another type of cancer increased from 1.0 to 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.23-5.13) to 2.12 (95%CI=0.50-9.08) according to whether the patient had zero, one, or ≥two BCC lesions; for SCC, the corresponding ORs were 1.0, 1.24 (95%CI=0.48-3.24), and 1.39 (95%CI=0.29-6.61).
Conclusion:
A dose-response relationship seems to exist between the number of skin lesions and the risk of another type of cancer, but the lack of statistical significance weakens this evidence.
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