Comparative Clinical Evaluation between Conventional Periodontal Treatment and Full Mouth Disinfection

Periodontal disease is chronic and multifactorial, affecting protection and support tissues of the tooth. Its onset is due to the accumulation of bacterial plaque, in which are found microorganisms, mainly Gram-negative, which stimulate the host cells and the production of immune-inflammatory molecules. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of two techniques of periodontal treatment through clinical parameters and laboratory tests. For this, 42 patients were randomly evaluated and divided into three groups of 14 patients each: Group 1 (control) - periodontally healthy patients; Group 2 - patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis treated with conventional periodontal treatment [quadrant scaling and root planing (Q-SRP)]; and Group 3 - patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis treated with full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP). All of these patients received periodontal treatment and were evaluated using the plaque and gingival indices, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), analysis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) isoform expression and analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), for a total period of 180 days. The results of the periodontal and laboratory parameters did not show significant differences statistically (p > 0.05) when comparing the treatments at 180 days. Therefore, it can be affirmed that both periodontal treatments were effective, but without differences between them. Both treatments improved periodontal and laboratorial clinical parameters significantly. Thus, the professional should evaluate the case and choose the treatment that best suits the needs of the patient and availability.