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Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry-based Assay for the Monitoring of NK Cell Functions08:17

Flow Cytometry-based Assay for the Monitoring of NK Cell Functions

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A simple and reliable method is described here to analyze a set of NK cell functions such as degranulation, cytokine and chemokine production within different NK cell...
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Natural Killer (NK) and CAR-NK Cell Expansion Method using Membrane Bound-IL-21-Modified B Cell Line11:02

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Here, we present a method to expand peripheral blood natural killer (PBNK), NK cells from liver tissues, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or cord blood (CB). This protocol demonstrates the expansion of NK and CAR-NK cells using 221-mIL-21 feeder cells in addition to the optimized purity of expanded NK...
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Measurement of Four Uterine NK Cell Subtypes Using Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining in Women with Repeated Implantation Failure08:29

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Expansion, Purification, and Functional Assessment of Human Peripheral Blood NK Cells10:44

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Development, Expansion, and In vivo Monitoring of Human NK Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)09:02

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This protocol describes the development, expansion, and in vivo imaging of NK cells derived from hESCs and...
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Generation of Knock-out Primary and Expanded Human NK Cells Using Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins07:20

Generation of Knock-out Primary and Expanded Human NK Cells Using Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins

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Here, we present a protocol to genetically modify primary or expanded human natural killer (NK) cells using Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins (Cas9/RNPs). By using this protocol, we generated human NK cells deficient for transforming growth factor–b receptor 2 (TGFBR2) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Flow Cytometry-based Assay for the Monitoring of NK Cell Functions
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Strategies and Techniques for NK Cell Phenotyping.

Chen Ziqing1, Andreas Lundqvist2, Kristina Witt1

  • 1Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy shows promise for advanced cancer, but not all patients respond. This study details methods to profile Natural Killer (NK) cells, crucial for predicting treatment success and improving immunotherapy efficacy.

Keywords:
Flow cytometryImmunoprofilingNK cells

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Cancer immunotherapy activates the immune system but faces challenges with patient response and resistance.
  • Combination therapies are increasingly used, necessitating better patient stratification and efficacy enhancement.
  • Natural Killer (NK) cells are emerging as critical players in immunotherapy response, complementing T cell monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy benefit and minimizing adverse events.
  • To develop strategies for enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
  • To provide a detailed protocol for NK cell immunoprofiling.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry is presented as the gold standard for NK cell immunoprofiling.
  • Emerging technologies such as mass cytometry, multiplex immunohistochemistry, and single-cell RNA-sequencing are introduced.
  • A detailed protocol for NK cell profiling using flow cytometry is provided.

Main Results:

  • Recent reports highlight the significant role of NK cells in immunotherapy response.
  • Flow cytometry enables detailed immunoprofiling of NK cells.
  • Alternative high-throughput techniques offer complementary approaches to NK cell analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate NK cell profiling is essential for optimizing cancer immunotherapy.
  • Flow cytometry provides a robust method for NK cell immunoprofiling.
  • Understanding NK cell dynamics can lead to improved patient outcomes in cancer immunotherapy.