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Associations of Behavioral Disorders with Asthma in Iranian Children
Mohammad Tajdini1, Mohammad Effatpanah2, Majid Zaki-Dizaji3
1Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mohammadtajdini7@gmail.com.
Insights
Children with asthma show higher rates of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Early screening and intervention for these behavioral conditions in asthmatic children are recommended.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Medicine
- Child Psychiatry
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Asthma is a prevalent respiratory condition with significant socioeconomic impact, affecting children's daily activities and overall health.
- Behavioral disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Conduct Disorder (CD) can co-occur with chronic childhood illnesses.
- Investigating the comorbidity of these disorders in children with asthma is crucial for comprehensive care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of ODD, ADHD, and CD in children diagnosed with asthma.
- To compare the occurrence of these behavioral disorders between children with asthma and a control group without asthma.
- To identify potential associations between asthma and specific behavioral disorders in pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 80 children with asthma and 92 controls aged 5-11 years.
- Data collection included demographic information, family history of allergy, asthma control assessment (Childhood Asthma Control Test - C-ACT).
- Diagnosis of ADHD, ODD, and CD was based on DSM-IV criteria through clinical interviews by child psychiatrists.
Main Results:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was significantly more prevalent in children with asthma (42.5%) compared to controls (25%), p=0.01.
- Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) was also significantly higher in the asthma group (25%) versus controls (5.4%), p=0.001.
- No significant difference in the prevalence of Conduct Disorder (CD) was observed between children with asthma (10%) and controls (10.9%), p=0.8.
Conclusions:
- Children with asthma exhibit a higher association with ADHD and ODD.
- These findings underscore the need for systematic screening and management of ADHD and ODD symptoms in pediatric asthma patients.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the etiological links between asthma, ADHD, and ODD.
Abstract:
Asthma is a common respiratory disease with huge economic burden leading to activity limitations, morbidity, and mortality. In this study, we aim to investigate the prevalence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Conduct Disorder (CD) among children with asthma. This case-control study was performed in a pediatric referral health care center(Children's Medical CenterinTehran University of Medical Sciences) in 2017.With random selection, the 80 children with asthma and 92 controls with age range of 5 to 11 years were enrolled in this study. In addition to the demographic information and family history of allergy, asthma symptoms, and control quality evaluated with a validated Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). The mode of measurement for ADHD, ODD and CD was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) psychiatric scales from clinical interviews conducted by child psychiatrists. Totally, 42.5% and 25% in the case and control groups had ADHD respectively withsignificant difference (p=0.01). Also, 25% and 5.4% in thecase and control groups had ODD respectively with significant difference (p=0.001). But conduct disorder was 10% and 10.9% in case and control groups respectively without significant difference (p=0.8). Children with asthma were associated with exhibiting ADHD and ODD but not CD. Therefore, appropriate evaluation and treatment are needed for asthmatic children with attention-deficit and ODD symptoms. Besides, further research is needed to determine the etiological approach towards ADHD, ODD and asthma.
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