Ocular ischemic syndrome; A case report.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Vascular Medicine

Background:

• Ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) is uncommon and frequently misdiagnosed.
• Prompt recognition is vital for timely intervention and preventing vision loss.

Observation:

• A 42-year-old female presented with painless, progressive vision loss in the right eye.
• Examination revealed iris and optic disc neovascularization, cotton wool spots, hemorrhages, and attenuated retinal arteries.
• Carotid Doppler confirmed complete occlusion of the right common carotid and bilateral internal carotid arteries.

Findings:

• Ocular ischemic syndrome diagnosis was established based on clinical presentation and vascular imaging.
• Fundus fluorescein angiography showed delayed arterial and venous phases.
• Cardiology consultation confirmed no immediate intervention was required.

Implications:

• Early diagnosis and management of OIS are critical to avoid severe complications.
• Pan-retinal photocoagulation was successfully performed in two sittings.
• Regular follow-up is essential for patients with ocular ischemic syndrome.