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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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Dimethyl fumarate mitigates optic neuritis.

Katarzyna Zyla1,2, Chelsea M Larabee1,3, Constantin Georgescu4

  • 1Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK.

Molecular Vision
|September 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) shows promise in treating optic neuritis in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). This study found DMF preserved vision and reduced optic neuritis severity in mice and patients with RRMS.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease causing motor, sensory, and cognitive deficits.
  • Optic neuritis, a common RRMS complication, leads to acute vision loss by damaging retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
  • Permanent vision impairment can result from recurrent optic neuritis episodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in mitigating optic neuritis in RRMS.
  • To evaluate DMF's neuroprotective effects on RGCs and visual function.
  • To assess DMF's impact on optic neuritis recurrence in a clinical setting.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model induced with MOG35-55 peptide.
  • DMF administration via oral gavage in prevention and interventional regimens.
  • Assessment of visual acuity, RGC survival, and Nrf2 pathway gene expression.
  • Retrospective analysis of deidentified RRMS patient data.

Main Results:

  • DMF treatment reduced optic neuritis severity and preserved vision and RGCs in the EAE model.
  • Interventional DMF therapy was more effective than preventive therapy.
  • DMF administration increased the time to optic neuritis recurrence and protected against subsequent episodes in RRMS patients.
  • Beneficial effects of DMF in EAE were observed independently of Nrf2 target gene induction.

Conclusions:

  • Dimethyl fumarate demonstrates potential in reducing the severity of optic neuritis in RRMS.
  • DMF may offer protection against recurrent optic neuritis episodes in patients with RRMS.
  • Further research into DMF's mechanisms for visual preservation in MS is warranted.