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Published on: September 19, 2019
Rare Conduction Abnormality in a Four-year-old Child with Carbamazepine Acute Poisoning
Cristina Iolanda Vivisenco1, Coriolan Emil Ulmeanu1
1"Grigore Alexandrescu" Emergency Children's Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
Insights
Carbamazepine poisoning in children can cause reversible synoatrial block, a cardiac conduction abnormality. Electrocardiogram monitoring is crucial for assessing and managing pediatric carbamazepine toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Clinical Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cardiac conduction abnormalities are known complications of carbamazepine overdose.
- This report details a pediatric case of carbamazepine poisoning with associated neurological and cardiac findings.
Discussion:
- Sinoatrial block, a rare cardiac event, was observed in a 4-year-old child with acute carbamazepine poisoning.
- While carbamazepine-induced sinoatrial block is documented in adults, this is the first reported instance in pediatric acute poisoning.
- The patient's serum carbamazepine level was near the upper limit of the therapeutic range, highlighting potential toxicity even within expected levels.
Key Insights:
- Acute carbamazepine poisoning can manifest as reversible synoatrial block in children.
- Neurological symptoms often accompany cardiac conduction abnormalities in pediatric carbamazepine toxicity.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) is essential for diagnosing and monitoring cardiac effects in pediatric carbamazepine poisoning.
Outlook:
- Further research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms and prevalence of carbamazepine-induced cardiac conduction abnormalities in pediatric populations.
- Establishing clear guidelines for ECG monitoring in pediatric carbamazepine poisoning cases is recommended.
- This case underscores the importance of considering cardiac toxicity in the management of carbamazepine overdose in children.
Abstract:
Background:Cardiac conduction abnormalities are reported after ingestion of a toxic dose of carbamazepine. Case presentation:We describe the case of a four-year-old child with carbamazepine acute poisoning who developed reversible synoatrial block along with neurological toxic signs, despite a serum level of carbamazepine close to the upper limit of the therapeutic range. Discussion:Although carbamazepine-induced sinoatrial block has been reported in the literature even at therapeutic doses in adult patients, our personal research has not identified any record of this cardiac conduction abnormality in acute carbamazepine poisoning at pediatric age. Conclusion:The electrocardiogram is indispensable in the assessment and monitoring of pediatric cases with acute poisoning with carbamazepine.
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