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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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Comparative transcriptomics reveals the difference in early endosperm development between maize with different

Jianzhou Qu1,2, Shutu Xu1,2, Xiaokang Tian1,2

  • 1The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

Peerj
|September 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study maps the gene expression in maize endosperm during development, revealing key genes and regulatory networks for starch biosynthesis, crucial for seed quality and breeding. It identifies 21,986 genes involved in high-amylose and common maize endosperm programming.

Keywords:
EndospermGene expressionMaizeRNA-sequenceStarch metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The endosperm is vital for seed development, weight, and quality, with starch being its primary component.
  • Understanding the complex gene regulatory networks of starch biosynthesis, especially for amylose and amylopectin, is crucial but incomplete.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a temporal transcriptome atlas of high-amylose and common maize endosperms.
  • To identify gene regulatory networks and key genes/transcription factors involved in starch biosynthesis.
  • To provide genetic insights for breeding maize varieties with specific starch content.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput RNA sequencing of maize endosperms at 5, 10, 15, and 20 days after pollination.
  • Coexpression analysis to identify sequentially expressed gene sets and their correlation with cellular/metabolic programs.

Main Results:

  • A temporal transcriptome atlas encompassing 21,986 genes involved in high-amylose and common maize endosperm development was generated.
  • Coexpression analysis revealed sequentially expressed gene sets linked to dynamic transcriptome reprogramming.
  • Several genes and transcription factors were identified as strongly associated with starch synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates key mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying amylose and amylopectin biosynthesis in maize.
  • It offers a comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns and genetic regulation of endosperm development.
  • Valuable genetic information is provided for breeding maize with tailored starch characteristics.