Maxillary Osteomyelitis in a Patient with Pansinusitis and Recently Diagnosed Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Given the rarity of osteomyelitis of the maxilla, a confirmed diagnosis requires extensive investigation into the possible underlying causes of the disease. The most common causes of osteomyelitis of the jaw are periodontal infections and sinusitis with contiguous seeding and infection of the bone. Even in those affected by these potential causes, an immunocompromised state is usually present for an extensive infection to occur. Early recognition is key for ensuring appropriate treatment and avoidance of life-threatening complications. We report a case of maxillary osteomyelitis in a patient with no clear predisposing risk factors, a history of recurrent pansinusitis, and recently diagnosed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Cultures of the bone revealed multiple bacterial and fungal organisms. He was treated with surgical debridement, teeth extraction, and a prolonged course of antifungals and antibiotics.