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Updated: Jan 19, 2026
01:09
Bioequivalence of Drugs: Drugs with Multiple Indications
Published on: October 3, 2025
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Price Models for Multi-indication Drugs: A Systematic Review
Carlos Campillo-Artero1,2, Jaume Puig-Junoy3, José Luis Segú-Tolsa4
1Center for Research in Health and Economics, Barcelona School of Management, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. carlos.campillo@upf.edu.
Applied Health Economics and Health Policy
|September 17, 2019
Summary
Indication-based pricing (IBP) for drugs is complex. While theoretically valuable, pure IBP systems lack real-world application, with confidential risk-sharing agreements being the closest approximation.
Area of Science:
- Health economics
- Pharmaceutical policy
- Drug pricing
Background:
- Increasing marketing of new and existing drugs with new indications.
- Need to evaluate drug pricing strategies for multi-indication drugs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify advantages and disadvantages of indication-based pricing (IBP) systems.
- Evaluate IBP from economic theory, practical applications, and international perspectives.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 26 studies from six bibliographic databases and gray literature.
- Searched for articles and reports from January 2000 to September 2018.
Main Results:
- Three IBP types identified: differentiated pricing, averaged pricing, and single price with discounts.
- IBP aims to align drug prices with value and R&D investment per indication.
- No pure IBP applications found; confidential risk-sharing agreements are the closest model.
Conclusions:
- Pure indication-based pricing systems have no practical applications, and consequences remain unknown.
- Further economic theory-based assessments are needed to understand IBP intricacies.
- Current drug pricing predominantly uses single pricing models.
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