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Measuring Diffusion Coefficients via Two-photon Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching07:00

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In this article we will describe the procedure for measuring diffusion coefficients using multi-photon fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. We will begin by aligning the laser along the optical path to the sample and determining the proper experimental parameters, then continue generating and finally fitting fluorescence recovery...
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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Measuring Diffusion Coefficients via Two-photon Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching
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Development of a novel method for visualizing restricted diffusion using subtraction of apparent diffusion

Yuuki Yoshimura1, Masahiro Kuroda1, Irfan Sugianto2

  • 1Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 7008558, Japan.

Molecular Medicine Reports
|September 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) subtraction method (ASM) was developed to visualize restricted diffusion. ASM shows potential for reflecting extracellular restricted diffusion, similar to diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biophysical Imaging
  • Diffusion MRI

Background:

  • Restricted diffusion is a key indicator in various biological tissues.
  • Existing methods like diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) can visualize restricted diffusion.
  • A novel method for visualizing restricted diffusion is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) subtraction method (ASM) for visualizing restricted diffusion.
  • To compare the performance of ASM with diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion-weighted images were acquired using two sequences with different effective diffusion times.
  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated and subtracted to create the ASM.
  • Experiments were conducted on physiological saline and bio-phantoms with varying cell densities.

Main Results:

  • DKI demonstrated restricted diffusion in the extracellular space of bio-phantoms.
  • ASM also showed sensitivity to restricted diffusion in the extracellular space.
  • Quantitative values for ADC, DKI kurtosis, and ASM were reported for different phantoms.

Conclusions:

  • The developed apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) subtraction method (ASM) shows promise for visualizing restricted diffusion.
  • ASM may serve as a complementary technique to diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in diffusion MRI.
  • Further validation is needed to establish ASM's clinical utility.