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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation
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An Integrated Thermopile-Based Sensor with a Chopper-Stabilized Interface Circuit for Presence Detection.

Elisabetta Moisello1, Michele Vaiana2, Maria Eloisa Castagna3

  • 1Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy. elisabetta.moisello01@universitadipavia.it.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel sensor-readout system for presence detection using a MEMS thermopile and CMOS circuitry. The system reliably detects human presence up to 5.5 meters away, even with movement.

Keywords:
CMOSMEMSchopperoccupancy detectionpresence detectionthermal sensorthermopile

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Sensor Technology
  • Microelectronics

Background:

  • Presence detection is crucial for various applications, including smart buildings and security systems.
  • Existing systems often face limitations in range, accuracy, or power consumption.
  • Miniaturized thermal sensors offer potential for low-power, long-range detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a sensor-readout circuit system for effective presence detection.
  • To integrate a MEMS polysilicon thermopile with a low-noise CMOS readout circuit.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in detecting human presence at a distance and with motion.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a miniaturized polysilicon thermopile sensor fabricated with MEMS micromachining.
  • Designed and implemented a readout circuit in a 130-nm CMOS process.
  • Employed the chopper technique to minimize low-frequency offset and noise in the DC sensor output.
  • Characterized sensor responsivity (180 V/W) and response time (13 ms).

Main Results:

  • Achieved a measured input-referred offset standard deviation of 1.36 μV.
  • Successfully detected the presence of a person at a distance of 5.5 meters.
  • Demonstrated reliable operation with moving targets, including walking and running individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The presented sensor-readout system offers a viable solution for long-range presence detection.
  • The integration of MEMS thermopile technology with advanced CMOS readout circuits enhances detection capabilities.
  • The system's performance with moving targets highlights its potential for real-world applications.