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Updated: Jan 19, 2026
Evaluating the Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin-10 Deficient Mouse
Scientific reports concerning the impact of interleukin 4, interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor β on cancer
Konrad Kwaśniak1, Justyna Czarnik-Kwaśniak1,2,3, Aleksandra Maziarz1,2
1Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Poland.
Abstract:
Cytokines are signalling proteins generated in most part by immune cells that have critical functions in cellular lifespan. Here we present recent data on three selected anti-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). IL-10 inhibits the synthesis of major pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and mediates anti-inflammatory reactions. IL-4 is a multifunctional cytokine which plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses and is involved in processes associated with development and differentiation of lymphocytes and regulation of T cell survival. Transforming TGF-β, which in normal cells or pre-cancerous cells, promotes proliferation arrest which represses tumour growth. In this review, we focus on the influence of IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-β on various types of cancer as well as potential of these selected cytokines to serve as new biomarkers which can support effective therapies for cancer patients. This article is presented based on a review of the newest research results.
Insights
This review explores anti-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-4, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and their roles in cancer. These cytokines show potential as biomarkers for effective cancer therapies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Cytokines are crucial signaling proteins produced by immune cells, regulating cellular lifespan.
- Anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β, play significant roles in immune responses and cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the influence of IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β on various cancer types.
- To evaluate the potential of these cytokines as biomarkers for cancer therapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent research findings on IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β.
- Analysis of cytokine functions in cellular lifespan and immune regulation.
- Exploration of cytokine roles in cancer development and progression.
Main Results:
- IL-10 inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis and mediates anti-inflammatory reactions.
- IL-4 is vital for immune response regulation, lymphocyte development, and T cell survival.
- TGF-β promotes proliferation arrest in normal and pre-cancerous cells, potentially repressing tumor growth.
Conclusions:
- IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-β have significant implications in various cancers.
- These cytokines represent promising biomarkers for supporting targeted and effective cancer therapies.
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