Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 19, 2026
Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Published on: July 4, 2007
Clinical effects of CD45 on the prognosis of extramedullary myeloma relapse
Satoko Oka1, Kazuo Ono2, Masaharu Nohgawa1
1Division of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan.
What Is Known And Objectives:
The incidence of extramedullary relapse (EMR) arising during the clinical course of multiple myeloma (MM) has increased in recent years. Therefore, we herein investigated the effects of immunophenotyping on the prognosis of MM patients with EMR.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review on data collected from MM patients with EMR between January 2007 and December 2018 at the Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center. Patient characteristics at the diagnosis of EMR, the prognostic significance of immunophenotyping and other factors were evaluated.
Results And Discussion:
Extramedullary relapse was detected in 55 of 231 patients (23.8%). At the diagnosis of EMR, CD45, the leucocyte common antigen, was detected in 54.5% of cases. CD45 negativity in bone marrow correlated with thrombocytopenia and higher serum LDH levels. Moreover, high-risk cytogenetics was more frequently observed in CD45- than in CD45+ patients. A univariate analysis showed that overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter in CD45- than in CD45+ patients. Thrombocytopenia, higher serum LDH levels and high-risk cytogenesis were also associated with shorter OS. A multivariate analysis confirmed that CD45 negativity, higher serum LDH levels and high-risk cytogenesis were independent adverse prognostic factors for OS. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed the potential of CD45- as a prognostic factor in patients with EMR and that it correlated with shorter survival.
What Is New And Conclusion:
The present results showed that the expression of CD45 in the neoplastic plasma cells of MM patients with EMR was associated with patient prognosis independent of other prognostic factors. The establishment of a treatment strategy for EMR patients with CD45- MM cells is needed to improve poor outcomes.
Insights
Extramedullary relapse (EMR) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients is increasingly common. CD45 negativity in EMR cells indicates a poorer prognosis and shorter survival, highlighting the need for targeted treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunophenotyping
Background:
- The incidence of extramedullary relapse (EMR) in multiple myeloma (MM) has been rising.
- Investigating prognostic factors in MM patients with EMR is crucial for improving outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of immunophenotyping, specifically CD45 expression, on the prognosis of MM patients experiencing EMR.
- To identify independent prognostic factors for overall survival in MM patients with EMR.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of data from MM patients with EMR (January 2007 - December 2018).
- Analysis of patient characteristics at EMR diagnosis.
- Evaluation of the prognostic significance of CD45 expression, cytogenetics, serum LDH, and platelet counts.
Main Results:
- Extramedullary relapse (EMR) was observed in 23.8% of MM patients.
- CD45 negativity in EMR cells was associated with thrombocytopenia, elevated serum LDH, and high-risk cytogenetics.
- CD45 negativity was an independent adverse prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in MM patients with EMR.
Conclusions:
- CD45 expression on neoplastic plasma cells in MM patients with EMR is a significant prognostic marker.
- CD45-negative MM cells correlate with shorter survival and indicate a poor prognosis.
- Development of specific treatment strategies for CD45-negative EMR MM patients is essential.
Related Concept Videos
26:48Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
08:31Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
09:41An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
10:03Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
10:46A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:04Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis