Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring
07:35

Use of Ultra-high Field MRI in Small Rodent Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease for In Vivo Phenotyping and Drug Monitoring

Published on: June 23, 2015

Pediatric renal problems in India

R N Srivastava1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|April 1, 1987
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric kidney diseases in India are shaped by socioeconomic and geographic factors, with limited specialized care available. Common conditions include nephrotic syndrome and urinary tract infections, while acute renal failure stems from various causes like dysentery and sepsis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Socioeconomic and geographic factors significantly impact pediatric renal disease prevalence and outcomes in India.
  • Pediatric nephrology subspecialty and adequate management facilities are scarce in India.
  • Renal disease patterns in Indian children resemble those in Europe and the US, with some distinct regional variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and patterns of various renal diseases in Indian children.
  • To identify common causes of acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease in pediatric populations in India.
  • To highlight challenges in pediatric nephrology care and management in India.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pediatric renal diseases in India.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on common nephropathies.
  • Summary of etiological factors for acute renal failure and hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, congenital renal anomalies, and urinary tract infections are prevalent.
  • Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis is common; Henoch-Schönlein nephritis and IgA nephropathy are less frequent.
  • Key causes of acute renal failure include dysentery (with or without hemolytic uremic syndrome), G-6-PD deficiency-related hemolysis, sepsis, and envenomation. Aortoarteritis is a frequent cause of hypertension, and vesical calculus disease is common in certain regions.

Conclusions:

  • Despite similarities to Western data, specific conditions like poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and causes of acute renal failure present unique challenges in India.
  • Limited access to specialized pediatric nephrology care and facilities impacts disease management and outcomes.
  • Addressing socioeconomic and geographic disparities is crucial for improving pediatric renal healthcare in India.

More Related Videos

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells09:40

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice06:27

A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice

Published on: July 20, 2022

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...