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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
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MicroRNAs in Ocular Infection.

Shunbin Xu1, Linda D Hazlett2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. sxu@med.wayne.edu.

Microorganisms
|September 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression. Emerging research highlights their critical roles in ocular infections, paving the way for new diagnostic biomarkers and therapies.

Keywords:
bacterial keratitisfungal keratitisherpes simplex stromal keratitis (HSK)microRNAs (miRNAs), ocular infectionpseudomonas aeruginosa (PA)river blindnesstrachoma

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • They play crucial roles in normal development, cellular function, and disease pathogenesis across all organ systems.
  • miRNAs are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current research on microRNAs in major ocular infectious diseases.
  • To highlight the emerging roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of various eye infections.
  • To predict future directions and potential applications of miRNA research in ophthalmology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pioneering studies on miRNAs in ocular infections.
  • Analysis of existing research on miRNA involvement in parasitic, fungal, bacterial, and viral ocular infections.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge and future outlook.

Main Results:

  • Pioneering studies reveal significant roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of ocular infections.
  • miRNAs are implicated in the host response and pathogen interaction in various eye infections.
  • The field is rapidly evolving with ongoing discoveries.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are important in the pathogenesis of ocular infections.
  • Further research into miRNA-mediated mechanisms will drive the development of novel therapies and diagnostic biomarkers for eye infections.
  • The study of miRNAs in ophthalmology holds significant promise for future advancements.