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Histologic Features of Secondary Syphilis
1Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 20, 2019
Summary
Pathology can identify secondary syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection. Key findings include necrotic keratinocytes and plasma cells, aiding diagnosis in ambiguous cases.
Area of Science:
- Dermatopathology
- Infectious Diseases
- Histopathology
Background:
- Secondary syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection, presents with diverse clinical manifestations, earning it the nickname "the great imitator."
- Accurate pathological identification is crucial for diagnosing secondary syphilis, especially when clinical signs are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and detail the characteristic pathological features of secondary syphilis.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 59 biopsy specimens from 56 patients diagnosed with secondary syphilis.
- Classification of cases based on histological findings and clinical presentations.
Main Results:
- Necrotic keratinocytes were present in 66.1% of specimens.
- Plasma cells were the most frequent finding (86.4%).
- Treponema pallidum was primarily detected at the dermal-epidermal junction.
Conclusions:
- Necrotic keratinocytes are a significant indicator of secondary syphilis.
- A combination of plasma cells, irregular acanthosis, elongated rete ridges, and endothelial swelling strongly suggests syphilis.
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