Prevalence of Acb and non-Acb complex in elderly population with urinary tract infection (UTI)
Smiline Girija As1, Vijayashree Priyadharsini J2, Paramasivam A2
1Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences [SIMATS], Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Insights
The Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (Acb complex) and non-Acb complex were found in 8.5% of elderly UTI patients in India. This highlights the need for combined phenotypic and molecular methods for accurate surveillance and management of these infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Genetics
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in the elderly.
- The Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (Acb complex) is an opportunistic pathogen.
- Limited data exists on the prevalence of Acb complex and non-Acb strains in elderly Indian populations with UTIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Acb complex and non-Acb strains in elderly Indian patients with UTIs.
- To compare phenotypic and genotypic methods for identifying these bacteria.
- To analyze demographic factors associated with Acb complex and non-Acb infections.
Main Methods:
- A 1-year longitudinal cohort study of 1000 elderly UTI patients.
- Standard microbiological culture and biochemical tests for bacterial identification.
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for genotypic confirmation and phylogenetic analysis.
Main Results:
- 8.5% of study population yielded Acb complex and non-Acb strains.
- Other Gram-negative pathogens ranged from 1% to 49.3%.
- Males aged 70-90 were more affected; prevalence correlated significantly with age and comorbidities (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- The study documents the prevalence of Acb and non-Acb complexes in the elderly Indian population.
- Recommends implementing both phenotypic and molecular strategies for accurate UTI surveillance.
- Effective clinical management of UTIs caused by these complexes in the elderly requires precise identification.
Abstract:
Background: To assess the prevalence of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex [Acb complex] and non-Acb strains from the urine samples of elderly population with urinary tract infection (UTI) by both phenotypic and genotypic (PCR) characterisation methods from India.Methods: A longitudinal cohort study on 1000 elderly population with UTI was performed for a period of 1 year. Using standard microbiological guidelines, the urine samples were cultured and the Acb and non-Acb complex were identified by standard biochemical characterisation tests. DNA was extracted from all the phenons of the complex for further confirmation by PCR. The amplicons were sequenced for the phylogenetic analysis and clonal identification by comparative genomic assessments.Results and conclusions: Study population yielded 8.5% of Acb and non-Acb-complex with other gram-negative pathogens ranging from 1 to 49.3%. Males were highly affected with the complex under the age group of 70-90. Statistics of the demographic data within the groups showed significant results of the prevalence of Acb and non-Acb complex towards the age group selected and with other associated co-morbidities recorded (at p < 0.05). Chi2 statistics for the goodness of fit was significance for genotypic confirmation of the complex.Conclusions: The present investigation documents the prevalence of the Acb and non-Acb complex among the elderly population and suggests the implementation of phenotypic and molecular strategies to assess the correct prevalence rate of the same for surveillance which will also aid in the effective clinical management of UTI by Acb and non-Acb-complex in elderly population.
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