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Trends of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection in 3 Decades: A Population-Based Study
Mingyan Dai1, Cheng Cai2, Vaidya Vaibhav3
1Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota.
Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections are increasing, particularly with repeated procedures. Generator changes and upgrades significantly raise infection risk, highlighting the need for careful management.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections pose a significant clinical challenge.
- Rising CIED implantation rates and prolonged device dwell times contribute to infection risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the incidence trends of CIED infections over three decades.
- To identify risk factors associated with CIED infections.
Main Methods:
- Population-based records linkage study in Olmsted County, Minnesota (1988-2015).
- Kaplan-Meier method for cumulative infection rates.
- Incidence calculated using person-years of follow-up.
Main Results:
- 15-year cumulative CIED infection probability reached 11.7%.
- Incidence rates showed an increasing trend over time.
- Generator changes (HR: 3.91) and upgrades (HR: 3.08) were significantly associated with infection.
Conclusions:
- CIED infection incidence has increased over the past two decades.
- Advanced CIED therapies and repeated pocket manipulations elevate infection risk.
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