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Does stress hyperglycemia affect mortality? Acute myocardial infarction - case control study.
Hayri Cinar1, Akkan Avci1, Muge Gulen1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Adana, Turkey.
Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases
|September 21, 2019
Summary
High blood glucose levels in acute myocardial infarction patients without prior diabetes are linked to increased early mortality. This stress hyperglycemia indicates a poorer prognosis and higher risk of death during hospitalization.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) management.
- The role of stress hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients.
- Impact of acute hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prognostic impact of stress hyperglycemia in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.
- To determine the association between admission plasma glucose levels and mortality in non-diabetic AMI patients.
- To evaluate the relationship between stress hyperglycemia and early in-hospital mortality.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 259 adult patients admitted with suspected AMI.
- Inclusion criteria: plasma glucose > 140 mg/dl, no prior diabetes diagnosis.
- Data collection on patient demographics, MI type, and in-hospital mortality.
Main Results:
- 80.3% of patients were male; 19.7% were female.
- Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in 71.6%; ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 28.4%.
- Mortality rate was 10.1% in patients with stress hyperglycemia versus 1.3% in those without.
Conclusions:
- Admission plasma glucose levels are a significant predictor of early in-hospital mortality in AMI patients.
- Stress hyperglycemia in non-diabetic AMI patients is associated with a substantially higher risk of death.
- Elevated glucose at presentation warrants close monitoring and risk stratification in acute cardiac events.
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