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MicroRNAs Determining Carcinogenesis by Regulating Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes During Cell Cycle

Zacharias Fasoulakis1, George Daskalakis2, Michail Diakosavvas2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Microrna (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)
|September 21, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate cell cycle genes, impacting cancer development. These small RNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, offering potential as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs is implicated in various cancers.
  • Understanding miRNA roles in cell cycle control is crucial for cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNAs in regulating oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
  • To examine how microRNAs influence cell cycle stages and carcinogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search in MEDLINE using keywords: "microRNA", "oncogenes", "tumor suppressor genes", "metastasis", "cancer".
  • Review of studies focusing on miRNA regulation of cell cycle genes.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs control the expression of cell cycle regulators like cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, retinoblastoma 1 (RB-1), and p53.
  • This regulation leads to alterations in cell cycle progression, promoting or inhibiting cancer.
  • MicroRNAs function as both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cancer pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play a critical role in cancer development by modulating cell division and DNA replication.
  • Their dual role as oncogenes and tumor suppressors highlights their significance in cancer formation.
  • MicroRNAs represent promising innovative biomarkers and therapeutic tools for cancer treatment.
Keywords:
CancermetastasismicroRNAoncogenesegregationtumor suppressor gene.

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