Beware of the dog - Capnocytophga Canimorsus septic shock: a case report

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a Gram-negative rods frequently isolated as commensal in the saliva of pets that can be transmitted to humans. We report a case of septic shock caused by this pathogen. A 78-year-old man affected by diabetes and hypertension was admitted for fever in our Emergency Department. He reported fever (37.7°C) with normal values of blood pressure, heart rate and saturation of oxygen. Laboratory studies showed increased values of procalcitonin and normal white-cell level. Blood cultures were collected and an empirical antibiotic therapy was started. He reported six days earlier a bite of a dog at the right hand. During the following days the patient presented a deterioration of clinical conditions with fever, asthenia and comparison of petechial lesions. C. canimorsus was isolated from blood cultures. He was treated with fluids and appropriate antibiotic therapy with a full recovery. Dog wounds are frequent minor injuries with an underestimated worldwide incidence because only few patients develop complications. C. canimorsus could be an emerging cause of sepsis, also in immunocompetent patients. The current understanding of risk factors for C. canimorsus associated sepsis and a prompt approach to anamnesis and treatment of early stage injuries, could have a considerable medical outcome.