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Published on: June 15, 2018
Profiling of the antibody response to attenuated LC16m8 smallpox vaccine using protein array analysis
Akiko Eto1, Masanori Fujita2, Yasumasa Nishiyama3
1Department of Health Crisis Management, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0197, Japan.
Abstract:
Concerns about bioterrorism and outbreaks of zoonotic orthopoxvirus require safe and efficacious smallpox vaccines. We previously reported the clinical efficacy and safety profiles of LC16m8, a live, attenuated, cell culture-derived, smallpox vaccine, examined in over 3000 healthy Japanese adults with various vaccination histories. In this study, serum of approximately 200 subjects pre and post LC16m8 vaccination were subjected to a vaccinia virus-specific protein array to evaluate the proteome-wide immunogenicity. The relationships between antigen-specific antibodies and plaque reduction neutralization titers were analyzed. LC16m8 induced antibodies to multiple vaccinia antigens in primary-vaccinated individuals and yielded effective booster responses in previously vaccinated individuals, demonstrating similar antibody profiles to those reported for other vaccinia virus strains. Several immunodominant antigens were indicated to be important for neutralization of the intracellular mature virion. The similarity of antibody profiles between LC16m8 and other smallpox vaccine strains supports the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of LC16m8.
Insights
The smallpox vaccine LC16m8 effectively stimulates antibodies against vaccinia virus antigens. Its similar antibody profiles to other vaccines support its immunogenicity and protective efficacy for bioterrorism preparedness.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Zoonotic orthopoxvirus outbreaks and bioterrorism necessitate safe and effective smallpox vaccines.
- LC16m8 is a live, attenuated, cell culture-derived smallpox vaccine previously assessed for clinical efficacy and safety in over 3000 healthy Japanese adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the proteome-wide immunogenicity of the LC16m8 smallpox vaccine.
- To analyze the relationship between vaccinia virus-specific antibodies and plaque reduction neutralization titers post-vaccination.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from approximately 200 subjects before and after LC16m8 vaccination were analyzed using a vaccinia virus-specific protein array.
- Antigen-specific antibody responses and neutralization titers were measured.
Main Results:
- LC16m8 vaccination induced antibodies against multiple vaccinia antigens in primary vaccinees.
- Booster responses were observed in previously vaccinated individuals, with similar antibody profiles to other vaccinia virus strains.
- Several immunodominant antigens were identified as crucial for neutralizing the intracellular mature virion.
Conclusions:
- The LC16m8 vaccine demonstrates broad immunogenicity across various vaccinia virus antigens.
- The observed antibody profiles support the potential protective efficacy of LC16m8, comparable to existing smallpox vaccines.
- LC16m8 shows promise as a safe and effective vaccine for smallpox and orthopoxvirus threats.
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