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Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
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A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
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Serum Phosphate and Microvascular Function in a Population-Based Cohort.

Charles Ginsberg1,2, Alfons J H M Houben3,4, Rakesh Malhotra1,5

  • 1Nephrology Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|September 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated serum phosphate, even within normal ranges, is linked to impaired microvascular function. This study in 3189 adults shows higher phosphate levels correlate with reduced skin capillary recruitment and retinal venular dilation.

Keywords:
arteriolescapillariescapillaroscopycohort studiescross-sectional studiesdilatationendotheliumfemalehot temperaturehumanshyperemialaser-Doppler flowmetrylinear modelsmalemicroscopic angioscopymicrovascular dysfunctionphosphatephosphatesreference valuesretinal microvesselsretinal vesselsvenules

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Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Elevated serum phosphate is a known risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality.
  • Existing research suggests a link between higher serum phosphate and microvascular dysfunction, but direct human evidence is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum phosphate levels and direct measures of microvascular function in community-living individuals.
  • To explore how serum phosphate impacts skin capillary recruitment and retinal vessel responses.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 3189 participants.
  • Utilized skin capillaroscopy, laser-Doppler flowmetry, and flicker light-induced retinal vessel responses.
  • Linear regression models assessed the relationship between serum phosphate and microvascular outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A 1 mg/dl increase in serum phosphate was associated with a 5.0% decrease in skin capillary recruitment and a 0.23% decrease in retinal venular dilation.
  • These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors.
  • A notable sex difference was observed in the heat-induced skin hyperemic response.

Conclusions:

  • Higher serum phosphate concentrations, even within the normal range, are independently associated with microvascular dysfunction.
  • Findings suggest that microvascular impairment may be a key mechanism linking serum phosphate to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.