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Steam-Stable Basic Immobilized Amine Sorbent Pellets for CO2 Capture Under Practical Conditions.

Walter Christopher Wilfong1,2, Brian W Kail1,2, Bret H Howard1

  • 1National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940 , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236-0940 , USA.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed improved pellets for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using amine-functionalized materials. Method (ii-b) demonstrated superior CO2 sorbent pellet performance and stability for practical applications.

Keywords:
amine sorbentcarbon dioxide capturelatexpelletpoly(chloroprene)steam stable

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Pelletization of basic immobilized amine sorbent (BIAS) particles is crucial for enhancing mechanical strength and enabling practical CO2 capture in reactors.
  • Existing methods require improvement for stability and efficiency in dynamic CO2 capture scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate amine-functionalized pellets for efficient CO2 capture.
  • To compare two pellet preparation methods (ii-a and ii-b) for performance and stability.
  • To investigate the mechanism behind superior pellet formation and long-term CO2 capture capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Two pelletization methods were employed: (ii-a) combining latex polychloroprene/polyamine with fly ash/BIAS, and (ii-b) shaping and functionalizing pellet supports with polyethylenimine (PEI) or ethylenamine and a cross-linker (E3).
  • Pellets were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis for CO2 capture, accelerated water washing for H2O stability, and crush/ball-mill testing for mechanical strength.
  • Mechanism elucidation involved N2 physisorption, FTIR, and SEM.

Main Results:

  • Method (ii-b) yielded superior pellets, demonstrating excellent CO2 capture stability (1.5 mmol CO2/g) after 48h steam exposure.
  • Optimal pellets (E3/PEI800-0.13/1) showed minimal capacity loss (14.6%) after 75h of cycling and steam treatment.
  • Incorporating K2CO3 as an antioxidant mitigated slight oxidative degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Amine-functionalized pellets prepared via method (ii-b) exhibit robust physiochemical properties, making them suitable for CO2 capture.
  • The developed pellets show high stability and capacity, confirming their potential for pilot-scale CO2 capture applications.
  • Method (ii-b) offers a promising route for creating durable and effective sorbent materials for carbon capture.