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Related Concept Videos

Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
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Understanding low functioning cerebral visual impairment: An Indian context.

Niranjan K Pehere1, Namita Jacob2

  • 1Head, The David Brown Children's Eye Care Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|September 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is a growing cause of vision loss in children. This paper offers a practical approach for evaluating and intervening with children experiencing low functioning CVI, focusing on functional vision assessment and tailored interventions.

Keywords:
Cerebral visual impairmentdeveloping countriesearly interventionfunctional vision assessmentinterdisciplinary managementmultisensory training

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is an increasing cause of childhood vision impairment, particularly in developing nations.
  • Optimal management requires specialized training and a habilitation-focused approach for affected children.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in children with CVI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a pragmatic approach for evaluating and managing children with low functioning CVI.
  • To provide guidance on comprehensive ophthalmic examinations for identifying CVI.
  • To detail functional vision evaluation methods and develop evidence-based intervention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Brief explanation of visual processing in the brain.
  • Guidelines for ophthalmic examination components specific to CVI.
  • Detailed functional vision evaluation process, supported by video examples.
  • Strategies for communicating findings to families and developing intervention plans.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a systematic approach to functional vision assessment in children with CVI.
  • Examples of effective communication of assessment results to families.
  • Development of tailored intervention guidelines based on functional vision evaluations.
  • Distinction between passive stimulation and active vision intervention.

Conclusions:

  • A structured, pragmatic approach is essential for managing children with low functioning CVI.
  • Functional vision evaluation is key to developing individualized intervention strategies.
  • Integrating interventions into daily routines enhances learning and meaningful experiences for children with CVI.