Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Data Acquisition and Analysis In Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry In Mice
Published on: May 10, 2019
Effects of Smoking on the Auditory System: Is There a Gender Difference?
Emine Demir1, Metin Celiker1, Nazife Nur Afacan1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
Abstract:
The main aim of our study is to evaluate whether the effect of smoking on the auditory system shows gender differences. Another aim is to evaluate whether smoking has any influence on the absorbance of sound. There were 236 volunteers including 90 nonsmokers (42 females and 48 males) and 146 smokers (72 females and 74 males) in the study. Smokers were grouped according to pack-years of smoking as 5 to 10 pack-years, 11 to 20 pack-years, and more than 20 pack-years. Pure tone audiometry and wideband tympanometry were performed in all individuals. Both female and male smokers who consume more than 20 pack-years had significantly higher hearing thresholds at 4 and 6 kHz and significantly lower sound energy absorbance rates at 4, 6, and 8 kHz. Moreover, female smokers with a consumption of 11 to 20 pack-years had significantly higher hearing thresholds at 6 kHz and significantly lower sound energy absorbance rates at 6 and 8 kHz. Smoking causes hearing loss at high frequencies in both females and males, especially in a dose-dependent manner affecting individuals with a consumption of more than 20 pack-years. The sound energy absorbance is significantly reduced at 4, 6, and 8 kHz. In addition, these effects may occur in women with even less exposure.
More Related Videos
06:39Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
Published on: August 28, 2017
08:16Determining Ultrasonic Vocalization Preferences in Mice using a Two-choice Playback Test
Published on: September 3, 2015
Related Concept Videos
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Stimulants
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Hearing
Auditory Perception