A magnetically modified black phosphorus nanosheet-based heparin delivery platform for preventing DVT accurately

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Heparin is a crucial anticoagulant, but its short duration and overdose risks necessitate advanced delivery systems.
• Developing targeted and controlled drug release mechanisms is vital for improving anticoagulant therapy efficacy and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel heparin-targeting delivery platform based on functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (BP NSs).
• To evaluate the platform's heparin loading capacity, magnetic enrichment, biocompatibility, and in vivo therapeutic effects for thromboprophylaxis.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (BP NSs) integrated with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles.
• In vitro and ex vivo assessment of heparin loading, magnetic targeting, and drug release kinetics.
• In vivo studies to evaluate the prolonged drug concentration, therapeutic efficacy, and safety of the PEI/Fe3O4@BP NSs platform.

Main Results:

• The PEI/Fe3O4@BP NSs platform demonstrated high heparin loading capacity (≈450%) and effective magnetic enrichment.
• Near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation enhanced the photothermal thrombolysis effect.
• In vivo experiments confirmed prolonged effective heparin drug concentration, enabling accurate, long-acting thromboprophylaxis with reduced dosage.

Conclusions:

• The developed PEI/Fe3O4@BP NSs platform offers a promising approach for targeted, controlled, and long-acting heparin delivery.
• This innovative system significantly reduces the risks associated with heparin overdose, improving therapeutic outcomes in thromboprophylaxis.