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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopy for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis
Published on: September 16, 2022
Myelinosome-like vesicles in human seminal plasma: A cryo-electron microscopy study
M Yefimova1, E Bere2, A S Neyroud3
1Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 pr. M Thorez, 194223, St-Petersburg, Russia; Laboratoire STIM, Equipe CMCS, ERL CNRS 7368, 1, rue Georges Bonnet, 86022, Poitiers Cedex, France; CHU de Rennes, Département de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Reproduction Humaine-CECOS, Hôpital Sud, 16 boulevard de Bulgarie, 35000, Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
Abstract:
Seminal plasma is particularly rich in extracellular vesicles. Myelinosomes are membranous organelles described throughout the seminiferous epithelium of the testis but never reported in semen. Our aim was to determine the presence of myelinosomes in human seminal plasma. Transmission electron microscopy and cryo electron microscopy analysis of standard myelinosome preparation from TM4 Sertoli cells and human seminal plasma samples. We have specified by cryo-EM the morphological aspect of "standard" myelinosomes isolated from the culture media of TM4 Sertoli cells. Vesicles with the same morphological appearance were revealed in human seminal plasma samples. Human seminal plasma contains a population of large EV (average diameter 200 nm) whose morphological appearance resemble those of myelinosomes. Defining the specific biomarkers and functionalities of myelinosome in human seminal plasma are the concerns to be addressed in our further research.
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