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Sperm cryopreservation reduces offspring growth.

David Nusbaumer1, Lucas Marques da Cunha1, Claus Wedekind1

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|September 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sperm cryopreservation did not affect early embryo development but reduced larval growth in brown trout. These subtle effects on offspring performance highlight the need for careful evaluation of cryopreservation techniques.

Keywords:
assisted reproductive technologyfishgood genesinfectionsperm cryopreservationvertebrate

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Animal Science
  • Cryobiology

Background:

  • Sperm cryopreservation is widely used but its long-term impact on offspring is often assumed negligible.
  • Controlled experiments are needed to validate the effects of sperm cryopreservation on offspring performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of sperm cryopreservation on offspring phenotype in a vertebrate model.
  • To assess if cryopreservation effects differ under stress and non-stress conditions.
  • To determine if observed effects are male-specific.

Main Methods:

  • Brown trout (Salmo trutta) gametes were collected, with milt partially cryopreserved.
  • Eggs were fertilized simultaneously with fresh or frozen-thawed sperm.
  • Offspring were raised individually under pathogen exposure or control conditions.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in fertilization rates, embryo growth, survival, or pathogen resistance were observed.
  • Larval growth post-hatching was significantly reduced when using cryopreserved sperm.
  • Cryopreservation effects on larval growth were consistent across males.

Conclusions:

  • Sperm cryopreservation can negatively impact offspring growth, a subtle effect manifesting at later developmental stages.
  • The impact of cryopreservation on offspring performance requires careful, long-term assessment.
  • Current assumptions about negligible effects of sperm cryopreservation may not hold true for all performance metrics.