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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

855
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
855

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Related Experiment Video

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Masked Speech Recognition in School-Age Children.

Lori J Leibold1, Emily Buss2

  • 1Human Auditory Development Laboratory, Department of Research, Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology
|September 26, 2019
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Summary

Children need better signal-to-noise ratios to understand speech in noise compared to adults. This review synthesizes research on the development of masked speech recognition in children.

Keywords:
childrendevelopmenthearingmaskingspeech perception

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory perception
  • Developmental psychology
  • Speech processing

Background:

  • Children struggle more than adults to understand speech in noisy environments.
  • This difficulty is pronounced when background noise includes speech.
  • Adult-level speech recognition in noise is not achieved until adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize the literature on the typical development of masked speech recognition in children.
  • To explore age-related changes in recognizing speech amidst competing sounds.
  • To identify factors influencing children's ability to process speech in complex auditory scenes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing studies on masked speech recognition development.
  • Analysis of age-related performance differences in speech perception tasks.
  • Examination of auditory and cognitive factors impacting speech-in-noise and speech-in-speech recognition.

Main Results:

  • Children require a higher signal-to-noise ratio than adults for comparable speech recognition.
  • Developmental trajectories differ for speech-in-noise versus speech-in-speech recognition.
  • Sensory encoding, processing speed, and cognitive attention are key developmental factors.

Conclusions:

  • Children's auditory masking susceptibility is significant and develops over time.
  • A comprehensive model is needed to explain the developmental trajectory of masked speech recognition.
  • Understanding these developmental changes is crucial for auditory rehabilitation and education.