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[Infections due to multidrug-resistant pathogens : Pathogens, resistance mechanisms and established treatment

D C Richter1, T Brenner2, A Brinkmann3

  • 1Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland. daniel.richter@med.uni-heidelberg.de.

Der Anaesthesist
|September 27, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens (MRD) is a global challenge, often linked to irrational antibiotic use. Strategies like antibiotic stewardship programs are crucial for controlling resistance spread.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multidrug-resistant pathogens (MRD) pose a significant global health threat, particularly in intensive care settings.
  • The irrational use of broad-spectrum antibiotics is a key driver in the rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.
  • Beta-lactamases are critical resistance mechanisms in Gram-negative bacteria, leading to treatment failures with common antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the global challenge of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
  • To emphasize the role of irrational antibiotic use in resistance spread.
  • To discuss the importance of stewardship programs in combating antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on antimicrobial resistance and pathogen spread.
  • Analysis of the impact of broad-spectrum antibiotic usage.
  • Examination of resistance mechanisms, including beta-lactamases.
  • Evaluation of containment strategies, focusing on antibiotic stewardship.

Main Results:

  • Multidrug-resistant pathogens cause life-threatening infections, especially in intensive care.
  • Broad-spectrum antibiotic overuse accelerates resistance.
  • Beta-lactamase production is a primary cause of treatment failure against Gram-negative infections.

Conclusions:

  • Rational antibiotic use is paramount for controlling MRD.
  • Interdisciplinary teams, such as antibiotic stewardship (ABS) and infectious diseases stewardship (IDS), are vital for effective resistance containment.
Keywords:
Beta-lactamasesCarbapenem-resistant EnterobacteriaceaeMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusSepsisVancomycin-resistant Enterococci

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