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Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Absolute Quantification of Plasma MicroRNA Levels in Cynomolgus Monkeys, Using Quantitative Real-time Reverse Transcription PCR
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miRNA Expression Patterns Differ by Total- or Partial-Body Radiation Exposure in Baboons.

P Ostheim1, J Haupt1, F Herodin2

  • 1Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany.

Radiation Research
|September 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNA (miRNA) changes in blood can identify radiation exposure patterns. Specific miRNAs detected in baboons helped distinguish total-body irradiation from partial-body irradiation, indicating the exposed body area percentage.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biomarker discovery

Background:

  • Radiation exposure can be total-body irradiation (TBI) or partial-body irradiation (PBI).
  • Identifying the radiation exposure pattern is crucial for predicting clinical outcomes.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with regulatory roles, potentially serving as biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if circulating miRNA profiles can differentiate between TBI and PBI patterns.
  • To determine if miRNA expression levels correlate with the percentage of the irradiated body area.
  • To explore the origin of radiation-responsive miRNAs in peripheral blood.

Main Methods:

  • 17 baboons were subjected to TBI or PBI at 2.5 or 5 Gy.
  • Blood samples were collected at multiple time points post-irradiation.
  • A quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) platform was used to detect 667 miRNAs.

Main Results:

  • 55 miRNAs were identified across all time points.
  • Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-17, miR-128, miR-15b) distinguished TBI from PBI patterns.
  • 22 miRNAs showed linear associations with the percentage of the exposed body area, primarily at 7 days post-irradiation.
  • miRNA changes correlated with lymphocyte count reduction, suggesting lymphocyte origin.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating miRNA expression profiles can serve as biomarkers for radiation exposure patterns (TBI vs. PBI).
  • miRNA signatures can indicate the extent of the irradiated body area.
  • Peripheral blood miRNAs, likely originating from lymphocytes, offer valuable insights into radiation dose and distribution.