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The dynamics of memory retrieval for internal mentation.

David Stawarczyk1, Arnaud D'Argembeau2,3

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Memory for thoughts during daily events follows similar principles as memory for external stimuli, showing primacy, recency, and temporal contiguity effects. Planning and recurring thoughts are more easily recalled.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Remembering internal mentation (thoughts, plans) during real-world events is crucial for daily functioning.
  • Principles governing memory for external stimuli are well-studied, but less is known about memory for internal thoughts.
  • It remains unclear if external memory factors influence thought recall or if thought characteristics affect memory accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the principles governing memory for thoughts experienced during real-world events.
  • To determine if factors structuring external stimuli retrieval also apply to thought recall.
  • To examine how specific thought features influence their accessibility in memory.

Main Methods:

  • Participants wore lifelogging cameras during a campus walk.
  • Unexpected recall tasks were administered regarding thoughts experienced during the walk.
  • Participants rated phenomenological features and indicated the timing of retrieved thoughts.

Main Results:

  • Thought retrieval exhibited primacy, recency, and temporal contiguity effects, similar to external memory.
  • Event boundaries significantly influenced thought recall.
  • Thoughts involving planning and those that were recurrent during the walk were more accessible in memory.

Conclusions:

  • Memory for internal mentation shares principles with memory for external stimuli.
  • Processes structuring retrieval of thoughts and external stimuli are at least partially similar.
  • Findings advance understanding of memory principles for internal thought processes.